Forensic Biology
Forensic biology is the application of biology to identify the source of and contributors to body fluids and tissues from physical evidence collected at crime scenes.
Biology Unit (Body Fluid Identification and DNA Analysis)
The purpose of the Biology Unit (Serology & DNA) is to analyse and identify body fluids, such as
blood, semen, and saliva from biological evidence submitted in relation to a criminal investigation.
The Unit goes further to identify the contributor of the identified body fluid through DNA analysis.
Cellular material (trace DNA) in the absence of a body fluid is also analyzed using DNA techniques, to identify the contributor of the material.
Our analysts use state-of-the-art equipment for differential and non-differential extraction,
quantification, amplification, and capillary electrophoresis along with an expert interpretation system to conduct human identification through DNA analysis.
The resulting unknown DNA profile from a crime scene sample can then be compared to reference profiles from individuals connected to the case. The analyst can either identify or eliminate a suspect. He/She then produces a DNA report based on statistical information and provides expert testimony during court proceedings.
IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EVIDENCE
Physical evidence can corroborate statements from the victim, witness, and suspect. Physical evidence is objective and, when documented, collected, and preserved properly, may be the only way to reliably place or link someone to a crime scene. Physical evidence is often referred to as the "silent witness.“ Assuming that it has not been tampered with and can provide Information, physical evidence itself is not affected by memory or personal prejudices.
PURPOSE OF FORENSIC BIOLOGY
- Link suspect(s) and victim(s) to each other and/or to the scene(s).
- Include or exclude potential suspect(s) or victim(s).
- To corroborate/disprove the circumstances as described by suspect/victim.
- Is often key in criminal investigations and is subsequently relied upon in court.
The Saint Lucia Forensic Science Laboratory utilises cutting-edge techniques in serology and DNA analysis to unravel the mysteries of criminal investigations.
Serology, the scientific study of blood serum and other bodily fluids, plays a crucial role in identifying individuals and establishing links between victims, suspects, and crime scenes.
Our laboratory utilises state-of-the-art serological techniques to analyse blood, semen, saliva, and other biological fluids, employing methods such as immunoelectrophoresis and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) to identify specific proteins and antigens.
DNA Analysis
In the realm of DNA analysis, our laboratory is at the forefront of forensic technology. DNA profiling has become an indispensable tool in criminal investigations, providing unique genetic fingerprints for each individual.
The process involves extracting DNA from biological samples, amplifying it through polymerase chain reaction (PCR), and then analysing the resulting fragments through techniques like gel electrophoresis or capillary electrophoresis.
The precision and accuracy of our DNA analysis enable us to establish familial relationships, identify potential suspects, and exclude innocent individuals from investigations.
Our Equipment
To achieve these groundbreaking results, the Saint Lucia Forensic Science Laboratory is equipped with cutting-edge instrumentation. Our facilities boast high-tech DNA sequencers, thermal cyclers, and genetic analysers, ensuring the accuracy and reliability of our analyses.
Additionally, our serology department is equipped with sophisticated microscopes, centrifuges, and spectrophotometers, allowing for detailed examination and characterisation of biological fluids.
These advanced tools empower our forensic scientists to delve into the intricacies of each case, providing law enforcement agencies with valuable insights for solving crimes and delivering justice.
Our Commitment
At the Saint Lucia Forensic Science Laboratory, we are committed to upholding the highest standards in forensic science. Our investment in state-of-the-art equipment and our dedication to staying at the forefront of technological advancements ensure that we consistently deliver reliable and accurate results to aid in the pursuit of truth and justice.